Resumen
Antecedentes: La comprensión sobre las mejoras en la Esquizofrenia ha experimentado un cambio de mirada hacia integración de mediciones clínicas y subjetivas, sin embargo, conciliar la riqueza de la experiencia subjetiva con los criterios operativos representa un desafío pendiente. Objetivo: Conceptualizar una medida global de recuperación en la Esquizofrenia integrando medidas clínicas y subjetivas proveniente de fuentes de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Método: Se utilizó un diseño metodológico mixto de tipo convergente para analizar la relación entre las medidas de recuperación sintomática, funcional y psicológica. La muestra total consiste en 178 personas diagnosticadas con Esquizofrenia, el 60.1% son hombres, con educación secundaria (69.1%) y el 44.6% se identifica con algún grupo étnico. De la muestra total, 10 personas fueron seleccionadas para ser entrevistadas y recolectar datos cualitativos. Resultados: Las fuentes de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos convergen en una medida global de recuperación de carácter multidimensional. Por otra parte, las opiniones de los entrevistados convergen con los datos cuantitativos respecto a que el estigma internalizado, la resiliencia, el autoestima, el apoyo social y la confianza personal son medidas que influyen significativamente en el proceso de recuperación, sin embargo las fuentes de datos difieren respecto a la adherencia farmacológica, en el que la relevancia que le otorgaron los entrevistados a los fármacos no fue observado en los análisis cuantitativos. Conclusiones: La recuperación en la Esquizofrenia es un proceso complejo que engloba la reducción de síntomas, el bienestar psicológico y la autonomía funcional. Se discuten los desafíos del enfoque terapéutico integral y la necesidad de reformar los sistemas de salud mental actuales.
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