Cognición social en trastornos de personalidad del clúster B: Una revisión sistemática
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Palabras clave

cognición social
trastorno de personalidad
empatía
teoría de la mente social cognition
personality disorder
empathy
Theory of mind

Cómo citar

Albornoz, V. ., Armenté, M. ., Gutiérrez, D., Pacheco, C., Videla, N., & Oliveros, J. C. (2024). Cognición social en trastornos de personalidad del clúster B: Una revisión sistemática. Terapia Psicológica, 42(3), 273-304. Recuperado a partir de https://teps.cl/index.php/teps/article/view/690

Resumen

Durante décadas, se ha sugerido que las personas con trastornos de personalidad del clúster B experimentan dificultades en la cognición social. Sin embargo, los hallazgos empíricos relacionados con esta idea han sido mixtos e inconsistentes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue sistematizar los hallazgos existentes sobre la relación entre la empatía, la atribución de estados mentales y los trastornos de personalidad del clúster B en adultos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA y utilizando las bases de datos Scopus y PubMed. Se seleccionaron 22 estudios. Los resultados revelan que para el trastorno límite de la personalidad existen resultados contradictorios respecto a su asociación con la empatía y la atribución de estados mentales. El trastorno narcisista de la personalidad se asoció con alteraciones en ambos procesos socio-cognitivos. El trastorno antisocial de la personalidad se relacionó con dificultades en el reconocimiento emocional, aunque su relación con la empatía y la atribución de estados mentales no está clara. El trastorno histriónico de la personalidad presentó dificultades en el reconocimiento emocional y en la Teoría de la Mente. Futuras investigaciones deberían esclarecer estas diferencias y comprender mejor los procesos socio-cognitivos en individuos con trastornos de la personalidad.

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